It has been documented that smokers incur a two to four fold increased risk of invasive pneumococcal lung disease, a disease associated with high mortality. The influenza risk is two-fold higher and more severe in smokers compared to nonsmokers. In the case of tuberculosis, smokers have a two-fold increased risk of contracting the infection and a four-fold increased mortality.
The mechanism of increased susceptibility to infections in smokers is multifactorial and includes alteration of the structural and immunologic host defenses.
Structural changes: Tobacco smoke and many of its components produce structural changes in respiratory airways. These changes include increased mucosal permeability, impairment of mucociliary clearance, changes in pathogen adherence, disruption of the respiratory epithelium and peribronchial inflammation and fibrosis.
Immunologic mechanisms: Smoking weakens the function of body defence immune cells and production of antibodies in humans and animals.
MORE RISK FOR SMOKERS
هذه القصة مأخوذة من طبعة March 28, 2020 من Daily Mirror - Sri Lanka.
ابدأ النسخة التجريبية المجانية من Magzter GOLD لمدة 7 أيام للوصول إلى آلاف القصص المتميزة المنسقة وأكثر من 9,000 مجلة وصحيفة.
بالفعل مشترك ? تسجيل الدخول
هذه القصة مأخوذة من طبعة March 28, 2020 من Daily Mirror - Sri Lanka.
ابدأ النسخة التجريبية المجانية من Magzter GOLD لمدة 7 أيام للوصول إلى آلاف القصص المتميزة المنسقة وأكثر من 9,000 مجلة وصحيفة.
بالفعل مشترك? تسجيل الدخول
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