A nation's quest for national identity building, stability and social transformation depends on the development of science, technology and innovation (STI). The growth of China and India is dependent on technological transformation and technological leadership. As positive indicators of success, both countries are rising steadily in this field.
China is an upper middle-income country and India is a lower middle-income country. Being neighbours and starting their independent growth journeys simultaneously, they often prompt comparison between them. To forecast the future growth trajectory and global power trends involving these two countries, the science, technology and innovation (STI) indicators serve as a global framework for measurement, analysis, comparison, technological intelligence and strategic statistical data.
The chief components of these indicators include research and development endeavours and innovation systems.
India began its post-independence journey with the goals of modernisation and, having missed the industrial revolution, focused on planned public investments in higher education, science and technology, agriculture, energy and industry. As India faced a volatile strategic environment, S&T in defence and military became a necessity. The Indian space programme, nuclear programmes and Antarctic programme benefited from the support of the Soviet Union and sporadic contributions from the US and other western powers.
India has rolled out four strategic documents for STI since 1947-science policy resolution (1958), technology policy statement (1983), science and technology policy (2003) and science, technology and innovation policy (2013). The fifth one is soon to be launched as the national science, technology, and innovation policy and is under public consultation. These policies have underlined priorities, sectoral focus and strategies for STI development in India.
هذه القصة مأخوذة من طبعة July 21, 2024 من THE WEEK India.
ابدأ النسخة التجريبية المجانية من Magzter GOLD لمدة 7 أيام للوصول إلى آلاف القصص المتميزة المنسقة وأكثر من 9,000 مجلة وصحيفة.
بالفعل مشترك ? تسجيل الدخول
هذه القصة مأخوذة من طبعة July 21, 2024 من THE WEEK India.
ابدأ النسخة التجريبية المجانية من Magzter GOLD لمدة 7 أيام للوصول إلى آلاف القصص المتميزة المنسقة وأكثر من 9,000 مجلة وصحيفة.
بالفعل مشترك? تسجيل الدخول
Brown Girl In The Ring
With her multicultural heritage, prosecutorial background and passionate defence of women’s rights, Kamala Harris is well positioned to take the fight to Donald Trump
THE ACCIDENTAL ECONOMIST
Nobel winner Esther Duflo wanted to sensitise children to the issues of global poverty, so she wrote a book about it
The masculine heart
A welcome counterweight to the worrying trend of toxic masculinity in our films, popular culture and the mind of today's youth seems to be emerging in the form of teachable masculinity.
Steaming flavours
Badra Coffee is brewing a shake-up in the coffee market
GASTRONOMY MEETS ASTRONOMY
A Danish chef and an American space travel company come together to offer an experience like no other—dining at the edge of space
I LOVE GYMNASTICS EVEN MORE NOW
Three years ago, Simone Biles was heralded as the star of the Tokyo Games.
HOPE MANU'S SUCCESS OPENS THE FLOODGATES
IN 1998, I became the first Indian woman to win gold at the Commonwealth Games, in the 50m rifle prone position event. Since then, India has achieved significant successes in shooting, the latest being Manu Bhaker with two bronze medals in Paris.
LEAN IN, LADIES!
From fashion to food to spirituality, how Indian are Kamala Harris and Usha Chilukuri Vance?
ROOTING FOR KAMALA
People in her grandfather’s village believe she has inherited his qualities
ALL IN THE FAMILY
Usha Vance traces her roots to the Chilukuris, a family of educators who made immense contributions to shaping India's academia