Burning of paddy straw is not good for our environment. Apart from causing smog and a sharp rise in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, burning paddy straw also significantly reduces organic matter, major nutrients and microbial biomass in the soil, thus deteriorating the soil health and affecting the next crop season. By burning 1 tonne of rice straw, 5.5 kg of nitrogen, 2.3 kg of phosphorus, 25 kg of potassium and 1.2 kg of sulphur are lost from the soil.
From around mid-October to mid-November every year, the farmers in Punjab and Haryana start burning stubbles as preparation for sowing the next crop, wheat. The media gives it a wide coverage for a few days highlighting the increase in pollution levels. Deliberations are held at the highest levels of government about the possible solutions and the efficacy of actions taken by the authorities. In addition, this year the COVID-19 situation has led to further problems—so facemasks are now playing a dual role!
A study conducted by the Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (AIMSR) and the Malwa branch of the Association of Physicians of India showed the following results:
• The burning of agri-residue affects the health of nearly 85 per cent of people living in Bathinda and Muktsar.
• 76.8 per cent of those surveyed reported irritation in their eyes.
• 44.8 per cent reported irritation in the nose.
• 45.5 per cent reported throat irritation.
• 18 per cent of people reported wheezing and 21 per cent felt tightness in the chest.
Challenges
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