Exploring The Applications Of Nanotechnology And Nanomaterials

In simple terms, nanotechnology is the part of science that deals with the control of matter with dimensions smaller than 100 nanometres, and can go down to atomic and molecular scales

- Deepshikha Shukla

The study and manipulation of matter, particles and structures on the nanometer scale is referred to as nanoscience. Nanotechnology is the application of nanoscience that deals with the use of nanomaterials and nano-sized components in various products. It provides the ability to design custom-made materials and products with new and enhanced properties. It has a wide range of applications in nanoelectronic components, medicines and sensors, and interfaces between electronics and biological systems.

Scientists and engineers are deliberately making nanomaterials to take advantage of their enhanced properties, such as lighter weight, higher strength, increased control of light spectrum and greater chemical reactivity. Majority of biological processes occur at the nanoscale, including essential molecular reactions within the human body and components of foods. Dealing at the nanoscale enables scientists to utilise the unique physical, mechanical, chemical and optical properties of materials.

Need for development of nanomaterials

Nanomaterials have a high surface-to-volume ratio than large-scale materials of similar masses. As surface area increases, a greater amount of the material can come into contact, thus affecting reactivity. Greater surface area and improved reactivity help create better catalysts. Catalysis by engineered nanostructured materials has impacted the catalyst market globally. For example, a catalytic converter in a car reduces the toxicity of the engine’s fumes.