Embracing Motherhood In Diabetes

Dr Suganthi Kumaran explains how soon-to-be mothers can manage their blood sugar levels for a safe childbirth

- Dr Suganthi Kumaran

Diabetes is a global health problem affecting children and adults, including women of childbearing age. Pregnant women with Diabetes can be broadly classified as those with pre-existing Diabetes (either Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes) who have become pregnant and those who were diagnosed with Diabetes after becoming pregnant.

Diabetes explained

Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune condition wherein the beta cells in the pancreas fail to produce any insulin. This leads to an absolute deficiency of insulin. This condition is also known as juvenile Diabetes as it is commonly observed in children and adolescents. People with Type 1 Diabetes require insulin injections to manage their blood sugar levels.

A person is diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes if there is little production of insulin in the body or the produced insulin is incapable of processing the sugar in the blood. People with Type 2 Diabetes are often prescribed anti-diabetic medication along with diet, exercise for weight loss and lifestyle modifications to manage their blood sugar levels.

Blood sugar level goals during pregnancy

Usually, during pregnancy, high blood sugar levels occur due to the hyperglycaemic effect of placental hormones. In pregnant women without any history of Diabetes, the pancreas can produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. However, in women with Diabetes, treatment is adjusted to maintain the recommended blood sugar targets with insulin.

Pre-existing Diabetes and pregnancy