PENDING court cases in India have increased over the past year, straining the already overburdened judicial system. The coronavirus pandemic and the restrictions imposed due to it have also adversely affected the functioning of the judiciary, leading to pending cases reaching an all-time peak.
According to the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG), 3.81 crore cases are pending in various district and taluka courts across India. More than one lakh cases are pending for over 30 years. Last month, 14.80 lakh cases were filed, while the number of decided cases stood at 10.77 lakh. In district courts, the backlog of cases saw a sharp increase of 18.2% between December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2020. Between 2018 and 2019, the rise was 7.79% and the year before that, 11.6%. In 25 High Courts, pendency increased by 20.4% in 201920 and 5.29% in 2018-2019.
In the apex court, pendency rose 10.35%—from 60,469 cases on March 1, 2020 to 66,727 on March 1, 2021. This increase is the highest since 2013 when the Supreme Court began making monthly pendency data publicly available.
Uttar Pradesh’s Allahabad High Court has the most pendency of cases among High Courts. It accounts for 30%, or 2,76,000 of 9,20,000 cases pending in High Courts for over 10 years. In cases awaiting completion for 20 years in High Courts, over 55% are in Allahabad High Court alone. And for three-decade-old cases, it is 86%.
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