Data shared exclusively with the Guardian reveals a significant rise in recorded hate crime against disabled people and elderly people - who are protected by the new law for the first time while Police Scotland says concerns about the impact on freedom of speech have not been borne out.
The Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Act came into force on 1 April amid fierce criticism, including the author and activist JK Rowling daring police to arrest her for misgendering transgender women on X.
It consolidated the existing law on crimes that are "aggravated by prejudice", adding age to other protected categories, and created an offence of behaviour that is "threatening or abusive" and "intends to stir up hatred".
The Guardian understands nobody has so far been charged with a hate crime for misgendering or affirming biological sex online, nor has such activity been logged as a non-crime hate incident.
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