Biofuels from lignocellulose can significantly contribute to the greenhouse gas emissions reduction of the trans port sector. Oxygenated fuels like Di-n-butyl ether and oxymethylene ethers are among the most promising alter natives for diesel engines. The suitability of these compounds is investigated in a research project conducted at the Institute for Powertrains and Automotive Technology at Vienna University of Technology and the Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology at Graz University of Technology. The fuels show CO2 saving potential by up to 70 % and remarkable soot reduction properties.
DI-N-BUTYL ETHER AND OXYMETHYLENE ETHERS AS DIESEL SUBSTITUTE FUELS
Fuels from lignocellulosic biomass have the potential to contribute to sustainable future mobility targets by reducing the fossil CO2 emissions of the transport sector. Of special interest for the diesel engine are oxygenated fuels, since they can help to solve traditional conflicts of objectives like the soot-NOx trade-off. Din-butyl Ether (DBE) and Oxymethylene Ethers (OME) are among the most promising fuel candidates.
Due to its high reactivity, DBE (C8H18O) shows a very short ignition delay and is used by some researchers as an ignition booster in blended fuels [1, 2]. The properties of the other investigated fuel, OME, depend on the molecule size and therefore on the number of oxymethylene units (-CH2O-). The resulting formula is H3C-O(-CH2O-)n-CH3. Generally, OME with molecule sizes n = 3 to 6 is found to have the best suitability for diesel engine applications, since their properties are closest to diesel [3-5].
In this study, certified diesel fuel is used as a reference for comparison and is briefly referred to as CEC. DBE is additive with 1,000 ppm of monocarboxylic acid to ensure sufficient lubricity. OMEmix, the second investigated fuel, consists mainly of OME3 (approximately 78.7 wt%) and OME4 (approximately 19.8 wt%). The investigated compounds are injected into the combustion chamber both as a neat fuel and as a diesel-biofuel-blend with 20 vol% biogenic share. The most important fuel properties are summarised in 1.
PRODUCTION PATHWAYS OF DBE AND OMEMIX AS SECOND-GENERATION BIOFUELS
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