For the aeroplane starter system and unplugged ground power (and in some newer aeroplanes for a form of battery APU), as backups to ensure continued operation in the event of power interruption, and in a few cases as the primary power source. Once upon a time, this was something like “lead-acid” – the sort of batteries you learned about in school, with lead and lead oxide anode and cathode, sat in a container of liquid or gel (usually sulphuric) acid. One unit of that was a “cell”, and groups of them joined together became a “battery”. By controlling the arrangements of cells within a battery, we could control voltage, and to a fair extent current. By using an acid gel, we could make the battery able to be used in an aircraft (or other applications such as a motorcycle) without spraying acid all over the place. To recharge the battery, you connected an external direct current source the other way around and the chemical balance would be restored.
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