Work is ongoing to further monitor efficacy over time, the researchers said in the paper about the vaccine candidate that has been named RH5.1/Matrix-M.
Malaria, caused by plasmodium falciparum parasites, is a leading cause of death in children under five in many parts of Africa. Blood-stage malaria — when the parasite infects red blood cells — causes symptoms of the disease like fever and chills, and can lead to severe, life-threatening complications like anaemia and organ failure.
The two malaria vaccines approved currently (RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M) target the malaria parasite when present in the liver and are now recommended for malaria prevention in children. However, the new vaccine is different in the sense that it targets the malaria parasite when it is present in the blood, therefore providing a second line of defence. The previous two vaccines do not induce blood-stage immunity against malaria parasites that can breakthrough from the liver into the blood, experts said.
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