In gene and cell therapies, the challenge lies in overcoming the complexities of immune system

Sam Santhosh, who spearheaded India's genomic revolution through the incubation and launch of many companies that harness the power of sequencing and bioinformatics, holds a positive outlook on India's advancement in the bioeconomy. In an exclusive interview, he sheds light on India's potential as well as the areas where it needs to improve in genomics and drug research

- NIRMAL JOVIAL

What are the advancements in bioeconomy in India? 

The bioeconomy encompasses a wide range of industries, primarily in the life sciences, but also bio-manufacturing. Numerous advancements are occurring, with the genomics revolution being particularly influential. Genome sequencing, in particular, serves as a cornerstone for this revolution. The breakthrough began in 2008-2009 with the emergence of new technologies enabling faster and more affordable sequencing.

It is a remarkable transformation where sequencing projects that used to take months can now be completed in a few days. This change has revolutionised the field of biology, as it has become digitised. The key element in the bioeconomy is biology itself, and, fortunately, the source code of life is universal across all living organisms. Consequently, the technologies for genomic sequencing and the necessary tools for analysis are applicable to all living organisms. Many advancements have emerged, including the retrieval of ancient DNA from bones that are thousands of years old. These breakthroughs have significantly enhanced our understanding of evolution and the shared genes across all species. To comprehend evolution, it is crucial not only from a scientific perspective but also for gaining insights into diseases and potential improvements in life.