US-China power struggle in Myanmar's quest for stability

The United States and China have emerged as influential players in Myanmar's turbulent political landscape, driven by distinct yet strategically important interests.

- DR. ANIRUDDHA BABAR

The 2021 military coup and subsequent crisis have polarized international involvement, with the U.S. aligning with democratic forces while China prioritizes regional stability and economic interests.

This divergence reflects a broader geopolitical rivalry with significant implications for Myanmar's future.

The United States has focused on bolstering Myanmar's democratic resistance, led by the National Unity Government (NUG) and ethnic armed groups who oppose the military regime. The U.S. strategy integrates diplomatic pressure, economic sanctions, and humanitarian assistance, intending to weaken the junta's control and support democratic aspirations. A key element of this approach is the BURMA Act, which outlines comprehensive support for civil society, democracy-building initiatives, and mechanisms to document human rights abuses. However, the challenge of securing full congressional appropriations has limited some aspects of the Act's implementation.

In parallel, the United States has provided over $317 million in humanitarian aid to address the needs of Myanmar's displaced populations, particularly in border regions where conflict has disrupted civilian life. This aid underscores a commitment to alleviate immediate suffering while building goodwill among affected communities.

The ongoing struggle between the U.S. and China for influence in Myanmar has broader implications for regional stability in Southeast Asia. Neighboring countries, such as Thailand and India, closely monitor the situation, aware that prolonged conflict in Myanmar could lead to increased refugee flows and destabilize their borders. Countries like Thailand have already reported a rise in refugees fleeing the violence, stressing the urgency of a resolution to the crisis.