Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a fungal plant pathogen that can cause diseases such as white mould, stem rot and head rot, resulting in significant yield losses in crops. Early disease symptoms include soft, watersoaked lesions that lead to the wilting of infected plants’ stems and branches. Dead tissue on the host plants looks as though it has been bleached. The white ‘fluffy’ mycelium, the vegetative part of a fungus, manifests either externally or internally.
The mycelium forms the survival structure of the fungus. Sclerotia are the hard, dark, resting bodies of fungi; they consist of a mass of hyphal threads and can remain dormant in the soil for long periods.
“S. sclerotiorum causes direct losses in terms of yield and indirect losses through reduced crop quality and diminished grade quality because of reduced seed size and seed germination, as well as substandard oil content,” explains Dr Miekie Human, research and policy officer at Grain SA.
WIDE RANGE OF CROPS AT RISK
According to Human, S. sclerotiorum is not host-specific, and over 500 plant species, including weeds, are susceptible to it. In South Africa, the most notable crops affected by the disease are soya bean, sunflower and canola. Cabbage, cauliflower, dry beans, tomatoes, peas and potatoes can also be targeted. Sclerotinia diseases occur across South Africa.
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Denne historien er fra June 11, 2021-utgaven av Farmer's Weekly.
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Syngenta Seedcare celebrates a decade of innovation
Syngenta's ambition is to enable their customers' investments to grow in healthy soil from treated seeds to young plants through innovation and collaboration, writes Magda du Toit.
Agri workers shine at Western Cape awards
Lindie-Alet van Staden, a garden and olive orchard manager at L’Ormarins Wine Estate in Franschhoek, was crowned as the Western Cape Prestige Agri-Worker of 2024 at a gala event recently held near Paarl.
Small and large farmers recognised at grain awards
The annual Grain SA/Syngenta awards ceremony bears testimony to the quality of farmers in the grain industry.
Growing partnerships: Fedgroup's flexible and innovative approach
Janine Ryan spoke to Warren Winchester, general manager of impact investing at Fedgroup, about why the company became involved in agriculture, and what it offers farmers and their immediate communities.
Why fish farms fail, and how to avoid becoming a statistic
The popularity of launching fish farms is not matched by their success. Leslie Ter Morshuizen, owner of Aquaculture Solutions, explores the factors that cause most of these businesses to go under.
Where history and modernity meet in a luxurious setting
Brian Berkman kept his eyes peeled for ghosts in the oldest continuously run hotel in South Africa, but all he found was a fabulous two-night stay.
THE HITCHING POST
I'm a stylish elderly lady with a radiant glow and a good sense of humour that keeps me young at heart.
Cutworms: check the weeds on your fields!
Zunel van Eeden explains why understanding the ecological interplay between cutworms and weeds is crucial for effective pest management. Producers should disrupt the life cycle of cutworms to minimise crop damage.
Does high-density grazing mimic grazing patterns of game?
In their paper on high-density grazing in Southern Africa, professors Angelinus Franke and Elmarie Kotzé from the Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences at the University of the Free State say high-density grazing systems may not accurately reflect natural ecosystems. Roelof Bezuidenhout reports.
Global grain outlook: 2024/25 marketing season
In its latest summer crops report, the Crop Estimates Committee says South African farmers intend to plant 4,47 million hectares of summer grains and oilseeds in the 2024/25 season, up 1% from the previous season. As South Africa exports maize and soya bean, Annelie Coleman reports on the latest trends in the international grain and oilseed markets, amid fluctuations in weather conditions and ongoing armed conflicts.
