![Everything you need to know about fungicides](https://cdn.magzter.com/1373618752/1721207725/articles/4OOBrGWia1721303308375/EVERYTHING-YOU-NEED-TO-KNOW-ABOUT-FUNGICIDES.jpg)
Fungal diseases represent a persistent threat to crops, causing significant economic losses and impacting food security. They occur when fungal spores germinate and penetrate a plant. The fungus grows in, on and through the plant and can reproduce by releasing spores that can lead to secondary infections.
Leonard Oberholzer, corn go-to-market lead for Africa at Bayer Crop Science, told Farmer's Weekly that for fungi to infect the crop, the fungi (pathogen), crop (host) and a favourable environment must be present at the same time. This phenomenon is known as the disease triangle.
To reduce the probability of fungal infections, integrated pest management (IPM) is handy to eliminate the host, manipulate the environment or reduce pathogens to help prevent their future spread. An example is alternating between crops (crop rotation), planting resistant cultivars, and managing the amount of crop residue left on the soil before planting a new crop.
CONTACT VS SYSTEMIC
Fungicides are broadly categorised based on their mode of action (MOA), encompassing two main types: contact and systemic. Contact fungicides primarily act on the surface of plant tissues, forming a protective barrier that inhibits fungal spore germination and growth. They do not penetrate plant tissues and instead provide localised protection, making them effective against foliar diseases and superficial infections. They offer immediate yet temporary protection as they can be washed away by rainfall or degraded by sunlight.
Denne historien er fra July 26, 2024-utgaven av Farmer's Weekly.
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Denne historien er fra July 26, 2024-utgaven av Farmer's Weekly.
Start din 7-dagers gratis prøveperiode på Magzter GOLD for å få tilgang til tusenvis av utvalgte premiumhistorier og 9000+ magasiner og aviser.
Allerede abonnent? Logg på
![More funding needed to flood-proof Olifants River](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/VBasj4FXZ1725539857303/MORE-FUNDING-NEEDED-TO-FLOODPROOF-OLIFANTS-RIVER.jpg)
More funding needed to flood-proof Olifants River
Western Cape Minister of Agriculture, Economic Development and Tourism Dr Ivan Meyer recently handed over R14,98 million to the Citrusdal Water Users’ Association.
![Zambia, Burundi agree to maximise agri potential](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/1_uL8lGtf1725539759905/ZAMBIA-BURUNDI-AGREE-TO-MAXIMISE-AGRI-POTENTIAL.jpg)
Zambia, Burundi agree to maximise agri potential
In a bid to capitalise on the livestock and arable land in Zambia and Burundi, the two countries have agreed in principle to review the existing bilateral trade agreement in agricultural products under memoranda of understanding (MoUs) and to bolster foreign exchange earnings.
![Expanded market brings avocado season success](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/gYsTt7Yxm1725539697707/EXPANDED-MARKET-BRINGS-AVOCADO-SEASON-SUCCESS.jpg)
Expanded market brings avocado season success
The South African avocado industry is making headway in India after gaining market access earlier this year. Supported by the World Avocado Organization (WAO), consumers and food businesses in India are being educated about the health benefits of regular avocado consumption and how best to use this fruit in Indian cuisine.
![Plan needed to enhance competitiveness of SA's deciduous fruit canning industry](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/hIPDsywUj1725539549374/PLAN-NEEDED-TO-ENHANCE-COMPETITIVENESS-OF-SAS-DECIDUOUS-FRUIT-CANNING-INDUSTRY.jpg)
Plan needed to enhance competitiveness of SA's deciduous fruit canning industry
Dr Heinrich Jantjies, group risk, safety and security director at Tiger Brands, says the deciduous fruit canning industry has been on a decline in South Africa since 2016. He suggests implementing a Deciduous Fruit Canning Industry Recovery and Competitive Plan to turn the industry around.
![Kruger's memory lingers in his Boekenhoutfontein farmhouses](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/o3E0Gk2-I1725539319019/KRUGERS-MEMORY-LINGERS-IN-HIS-BOEKENHOUTFONTEIN-FARMHOUSES.jpg)
Kruger's memory lingers in his Boekenhoutfontein farmhouses
Lucille Davie visits Kedar Heritage Lodge in North West to see the farmhouses Paul Kruger owned.
![From street art to feats of engineering, Bristol has it all](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/KXiU5nzQP1725539052607/FROM-STREET-ART-TO-FEATS-OF-ENGINEERING-BRISTOL-HAS-IT-ALL.jpg)
From street art to feats of engineering, Bristol has it all
Brian Berkman visits the vibrant UK port city of Bristol and says two days are not enough to explore renowned graffiti artist Banksy's hometown and pop in at all the historical taverns.
![Managing broodmares and foals profitably and safely](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/CMdKpFFox1725538948378/MANAGING-BROODMARES-AND-FOALS-PROFITABLY-AND-SAFELY.jpg)
Managing broodmares and foals profitably and safely
Broodmares and their foals are at high risk of stress, diseases and injuries if their management is suboptimal, says Dr Mac.
![Double cab's leisure features find favour](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/EdKvhkQ4V1725538815110/DOUBLE-CABS-LEISURE-FEATURES-FIND-FAVOUR.jpg)
Double cab's leisure features find favour
The GWM P500 2.0T HEV 4x4 Super Luxury AT has launched in South Africa, and the bakkie takes aim at the more premium, leisure-focused offerings from rival brands. Car Magazine's Marius Boonzaier writes.
![More fungal diseases that can infect beans](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/hGxapspAW1725538716535/MORE-FUNGAL-DISEASES-THAT-CAN-INFECT-BEANS.jpg)
More fungal diseases that can infect beans
Bill Kerr explains the symptoms of angular leaf spot and anthracnose and how to avoid infection in your fields.
![Keeping invasive insects at bay](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/3894/1820211/sCJt3-9so1725538531021/KEEPING-INVASIVE-INSECTS-AT-BAY.jpg)
Keeping invasive insects at bay
Featuring an array of delicious fruit from peaches to cherries, stone fruit is attractive to a variety of bugs that can be effectively controlled with integrated pest management, writes Zunel van Eeden.