CNY fireworks spark debate over tradition in China

Keen to boost post-pandemic morale, the authorities have signalled slackening rules

Sparklers, rockets and spinning sunflowers with flammable petals – the fireworks stores in China’s Hangzhou are stuffed with treats for pyrotechnic-loving customers, who count themselves lucky to live somewhere they are allowed to set them off.

In the past, Chinese cities could sound like war zones in the weeks surrounding Chinese New Year, thanks to the centuries-old custom of lighting festive explosives to ward off evil spirits.

Nowadays, those booms and bangs have disappeared from many towns over fire safety and air pollution concerns, sparking a debate over heritage and official overreach that has at times ignited into outright protest.

“Fireworks are a tradition passed down from generation to generation. Without fireworks, you feel there’s a lack of Chinese New Year atmosphere and happiness,” a Hangzhou store owner surnamed Ye said.

In 2024, with the post-pandemic economic recovery still somewhat of a let-down, the authorities – keen to keep up morale and boost consumption – have signalled a move towards slackening rules.

In December 2023, lawmakers declared it was illegal for local governments to issue blanket bans on fireworks, after a number of smaller cities announced restrictions.