![EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT SATURN](https://magarticles.magzter.com/articles/15256/879075/6219c7de678c0/EVERYTHING-YOU-NEED-TO-KNOW-ABOUTSATURN.jpg)
Saturn is our Solar System’s ringed wonder – a spectacular world encircled by planes of icy debris, giving it a unique appearance. But there’s a lot more to Saturn than just its rings; this enormous world is worth exploring both for its own complexity and the fascinating family of satellites that orbit it. As the most distant Solar System object easily seen with the naked eye, Saturn orbits at an average of 1.43 billion kilometres (887 million miles) from the Sun. Its slow orbit means that Saturn takes 29.5 years to make a full circuit through the constellations of the zodiac; it was this stately movement that led ancient stargazers to associate it with the father of Jupiter in Roman mythology.
Its distance makes it a challenging object for study, even in the era of giant telescopes. Most of what we know about the planet comes from the Voyager probe flybys in the 1980s and the Cassini mission that orbited between 2004 and 2017. Earth observations, coupled with close-up images from these explorers, have revealed that what often appears to be a placid orb of creamy cloud is in fact a surprisingly active world.
Internally, Saturn is a gas giant like Jupiter, a huge ball dominated by the lightweight elements hydrogen and helium. It owes its very different outward appearance to a substantially lower mass – Saturn weighs as much as 95 Earths, but this is less than a third of Jupiter. The weaker gravity allows Saturn’s upper layers to billow outwards, giving it the lowest average density of any world in the Solar System – about two-thirds that of water.
This story is from the Issue 127 edition of All About Space.
Start your 7-day Magzter GOLD free trial to access thousands of curated premium stories, and 9,000+ magazines and newspapers.
Already a subscriber ? Sign In
This story is from the Issue 127 edition of All About Space.
Start your 7-day Magzter GOLD free trial to access thousands of curated premium stories, and 9,000+ magazines and newspapers.
Already a subscriber? Sign In
![LONG AGO, A LAKE ON MARS MAY HAVE BEEN SPRAWLING WITH MICROBES](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/KBMk_Cfs41719993738326/LONG-AGO-A-LAKE-ON-MARS-MAY-HAVE-BEEN-SPRAWLING-WITH-MICROBES.jpg)
LONG AGO, A LAKE ON MARS MAY HAVE BEEN SPRAWLING WITH MICROBES
Curiosity discovered manganese oxide in bedrock in a Martian region that may have been a shoreline billions of years ago
![MOON TOUR HELL](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/ht0gO_mHi1719993459712/MOON-TOUR-HELL.jpg)
MOON TOUR HELL
Finding this fascinating crater isnt as hard as its name suggests...
![THIS MONTH'S PLANETS](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/-7K-H52mO1719993250345/THIS-MONTHS-PLANETS.jpg)
THIS MONTH'S PLANETS
Most of the planets are tricky targets this month, but our guide will help you locate them
![UNIVERSE BEFORE TIME](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/cHFLjjJOS1719991851680/UNIVERSE-BEFORE-TIME.jpg)
UNIVERSE BEFORE TIME
Could the existence of a mirror-image cosmos before the Big Bang solve some of the biggest mysteries in astronomy?
![CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/Se3Bbyf0G1719991384386/CLIMATE-CHANGE-IN-THE-SOLAR-SYSTEM.jpg)
CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Alongside Earth, our planetary neighbourhood is changing, but it’s not for the better…
![Stars give tiny planets a gravitational 'squeeze' to strip away their atmospheres](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/QMnZ5oBmH1719991224194/STARS-GIVE-TINY-PLANETS-A-GRAVITATIONAL-SQUEEZE-TO-STRIP-AWAY-THEIR-ATMOSPHERES.jpg)
Stars give tiny planets a gravitational 'squeeze' to strip away their atmospheres
A scientist has learned more about the violent processes that rip atmospheres away from planets, finding that squashing and squeezing by a parent star can contribute to this process.
![The Milky Way's halo is filled with ‘magnetic doughnuts' as wide as 100,000 light years](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/zhhazHOyf1719991166108/THE-MILKY-WAYS-HALO-IS-FILLED-WITH-MAGNETIC-DOUGHNUTS-AS-WIDE-AS-100000-LIGHT-YEARS.jpg)
The Milky Way's halo is filled with ‘magnetic doughnuts' as wide as 100,000 light years
The outer halo of the Milky Way is filled with magnetic fields that take the shape of vast doughnuts with diameters ranging from 12,000 to 100,000 light years, with the heart of our galaxy at their centre.
![The Pentagon wants the commercial space reserve to support military satellites in orbit](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/RRDjAi68P1719991027212/THE-PENTAGON-WANTS-THE-COMMERCIAL-SPACE-RESERVE-TO-SUPPORT-MILITARY-SATELLITES-IN-ORBIT.jpg)
The Pentagon wants the commercial space reserve to support military satellites in orbit
The US Department of Defense is developing a plan to use the ever-growing American commercial space industry for national security purposes.
![DOES A COSMIC 'GLITCH' IN GRAVITY CHALLENGE ALBERT EINSTEIN'S GREATEST THEORY?](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/qd-Mswgsf1719990737533/DOES-A-COSMIC-GLITCH-IN-GRAVITY-CHALLENGE-ALBERT-EINSTEINS-GREATEST-THEORY.jpg)
DOES A COSMIC 'GLITCH' IN GRAVITY CHALLENGE ALBERT EINSTEIN'S GREATEST THEORY?
Gravity changes once you reach a cosmic scale
![DEEP SKY CHALLENGE : STELLAR TREASURES OF THE ARCHER AND SCORPION](https://reseuro.magzter.com/100x125/articles/15256/1729654/kQkKImKfQ1719990358327/DEEP-SKY-CHALLENGE-STELLAR-TREASURES-OF-THE-ARCHER-AND-SCORPION.jpg)
DEEP SKY CHALLENGE : STELLAR TREASURES OF THE ARCHER AND SCORPION
Summer skies are stuffed full of amazing objects for your telescope - if you're prepared to stay up late