THE Border Security Force (BSF), through a notification in the Gazette of India on October 11, 2021, was given the power to arrest, search and seize upto 50km from the international boundary within Punjab, Assam and West Bengal. In Gujarat, the limit was reduced from the existing 80km to 50km, while the limit of 50km remains unchanged for Rajasthan. The notification replaces a 2014 order under the BSF Act of 1968, which also provides power to BSF to conduct counter-insurgency operations in Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur, Meghalaya and Nagaland. The order also categorically refers to the two newly created Union territories of J&K and Ladakh.
India shares its borders with many countries and this raises various categories of security problems. To meet this challenge during peacetime, the Ministry of Home Affairs deploys the Central Armed Police Force (CAPF)-a joint paramilitary force which guards the six main borders of India. These forces are BSF, Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) and Assam Rifles (AR). It should be noted that the Army is also present on the border and is placed in-depth, not getting involved in day-to-day security-related issues. However, when the balloon goes up, like during a declaration of war, paramilitary units are placed under the local Army commander as per his requirement and the combined force then fights together.
India shares its borders with six countries: Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar. These six international borders are guarded by paramilitary forces. Both the Indo-Pakistan and Indo-Bangladesh borders are guarded by the BSF. The Indo-China border is guarded by the ITBP, a specialised mountain force. Both the Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan borders are guarded by the SSB, while the Indo-Myanmar border is guarded by the Assam Rifles (AR).
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