In the present environment urbanization and highly evolved have led to various significant advancements.
However this has given rise to momentous increase in the concentration of toxic pollutants or xenobiotics in the environment. Some of the most dangerous among man made substances are Chlorophenols, Nitrophenols, Benzene, Ethyl Benzene, Toluene, Xyrene, polychlorinated biphenyls and organic solvents. The main sources of these compounds are coal gasification, refinery, petrochemical plants and industries involved in the synthesis of chemicals, pesticides and herbicides. These toxic substances are carcinogenic and mutagenic and their rate of degradation is very slow. They are thus retained in the environment for a long period of time. Thus the removal of these intractable substances is an essential quest in the sustainable management of pollution. In order to make the treatment of organic pollutants more eco friendly, techniques involving biological methods were introduced. Thus a safe and cost effective technology called bio-remediation was adopted which to a large extent helps in solving the problem of contamination.
Bioremediation:
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