It seems to appear out of nowhere - a strange bubbling froth dripping from your plant stems. Disturb this froth, and you'll find a little green froghopper nymph nestled within. Despite being known as 'cuckoo spit' - as its appearance often coincides with the first call of the cuckoo in May - the foamy stuff has nothing to do with saliva. The majority of sap-sucking insects (including aphids) feed on the sugary sap from the phloem, a plant tissue that takes the foods made during photosynthesis from the leaves to the rest of the plant. Froghoppers, on the other hand, feast on the nutrient-poor sap from the xylem, which transports (mainly) water from the roots to the leaves. In order to survive on xylem sap, the froghopper nymph must drink constantly; sometimes for 24 hours straight. The 'cuckoo spit' we see is actually the urine of the froghopper; the bubbles are formed as the urine is excreted. The froghopper excretes around 150-280 times its body mass in urine every day; the equivalent to the average human filling over 21,000 pint glasses. A tall order, even for the most hydrated among us!
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HIDING IN PLAIN SIGHT 
Despite what you might think, living in its own personal bubble bath of urine has many advantages for the froghopper nymph. When it's threatened, this foam becomes the perfect hiding place from predators; spiders and small garden birds. such as blue tits will consider Frogh adult the froghopper nymph a tasty snack. Another notorious group of predators are parasitic wasps. Occasionally, you might find a nymph with a gall on its side. The gall contains the eggs of the wasp; once the young hatch, they will eat the froghopper nymph from the inside out. The foam makes it difficult for the adult wasp to locate the froghopper, and if it can, it will struggle to keep its balance on the slippery, slimy surface.
FEELING THE FORCE 
The froghopper is not only one of nature's champion urinators. It's said that the suction power of the froghopper is such that, if you placed a froghopper at the top of the Statue of Liberty's torch, it could suck water through a straw from a glass placed at the bottom, almost 93m (over 300ft) below. Despite this incredible power, the creatures do absolutely no damage to plants, or to people, for that matter. By July, the cuckoospit is largely gone, the nymph having transformed into the quirkily beautiful adult froghopper. Unlike the highly conspicuous nymphs, you'd be lucky to spot an adult before it hops away; the froghopper is, after all, capable of generating a G force of over 400 gravities in the first stages of take-off. Astronauts on the other hand, experience around five.
Unfortunately for the froghopper, as a xylem feeder, they are an innocent vector of the plant disease xyella. As xyella is not yet present in the UK, we should continue to enjoy these amazing creatures.&nbsp;

The froghopper: a creature of extremes

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