Life on Earth is shielded and protected in part thanks to our magnetic field, which deflects solar winds and cosmic radiation. While we remain unsure about past or current life on Mars, we are relatively sure that for life to have evolved there, the Red Planet also would have needed a robust magnetic field. It lacks one today, and one result is an arid desert planet no longer hosting the abundant water that carved riverbeds and filled lakes some 4 billion years ago. But did Mars ever boast a magnetic field?
Yes, says a team of scientists who have reported on their research at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union. The team applied new research techniques to a Mars meteorite called Allan Hills 84001.
Using a new quantum diamond microscope, Sarah Steel and Roger Fu (both of Harvard University) have been able to tease out signs of a magnetic field that lasted until at least 3.9 billion years ago. The rock also shows signs of magnetic field reversals, similar to reversals here on Earth. The findings suggest a robust and long-lived magnetic field on Mars during a key period in its history.

The Magnetic Field of Mars

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