Kolkata's post-Diwali air has been the cleanest among all metros, with its air quality index consistently staying "good" even as the gauge remains "poor" to "very poor" and, at best, "moderate" in other big cities.
Experts thanked Cyclone Sitrang which, with its high wind speeds and intermittent rain, played a key role in Kolkata's feat: not only were pollutants dispersed quickly, the rain also ensured suspended particulate matter (SPM) levels were low.
The AQI on Monday evening, when the city celebrated Kali Puja and Diwali, was consistently in the "satisfactory" range, never leaving the 50s, even though instances of firecracker violations began to be increasingly reported from certain pockets as the hours passed. Compared to Diwali AQI figures from previous years, it was a marked improvement.
Among other major cities, Delhi topped the pollution list, with its AQI hovering above the 300 mark (very poor). Chennai's air started worsening Tuesday, with the AQI number soaring above the 201-300 range (poor). Bengaluru and Mumbai had "moderate" air quality, with their AQI hovering between 101 and 200. Another big factor in Kolkata was a significant drop in the use of firecrackers, thanks to better awareness and regulatory&nbsp;measures, said a state pollution control board official.
The wet weather system helped nullify a phenomenon known as "thermal inversion", a major cause of air pollution in winter, said PCB chairman Kalyan Rudra. Because of thermal inversion, the layer of air right around breathable height traps pollutants because the air above it being warmer&nbsp;-prevents dispersal.
"Diwali usually plays a 'springboard role' in winter pollution. With thermal inversion setting in, the pollutants never disperse fully, with the wind velocity dropping below 2 metres per second. New pollutants from emissions pile up on old ones, leaving the air extremely dirty, with no recovery time.&nbsp;This time, the air is good and we have the threshold advantage before entering winter," Rudra explained.
Even after taking into account the role of Sitrang, overall emissions from fireworks have dropped, said a senior PCB official. The low-hanging haze of the morning after Diwali is gone, as is the post-Diwali detritus of burnt fireworks. There were several violators but that number was considerably less, the official said.
Kolkata, at the end of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, is at the receiving end of "transboundary pollution" from other states along the plain.&nbsp;Thus, in winter, the city's pollution load becomes irreversibly poor.

Kolkata beats other metros with cleanest post-Diwali air

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