The Dekabrist-class of submarines were built for the Soviet Navy after the October Revolution. Operationaltactical requirements and design concepts were formulated in 1923, then in 1925 a Soviet naval mission was able to obtained blueprints for the Balilla-class submarine from the Italians. These concepts were then used together with Soviet ideas, in the construction of the boats by the Ordzhonikidze Shipyard.
The first submarine, designated D-1 and later named ‘Dekabrist’, was launched 3 November, 1928, and commissioned on 18 November, 1930. The class was of a double–hull design with seven compartments and constructed using riveting. There were numerous technical shortcomings and construction defects of which the most serious were their slow diving time and poor stability during diving. In comparison to modern day submarines, the Dekabrist-class subs were extremely small with tiny passages, It carried of 53 people living and working for several months under serverly cramped conditions. The submariners slept in cots while the captain had his own cupboard that was hardly bigger than a cupboard.
Service in World War II
Commissioned in 1931 D-2 Narodovolets undertook a voyage to Novaya Zemlya (The New Land) in 1934 and 1935. In 1936, her travel through the Matochkin Strait to the Karsk Sea was the first in history. When Germany declared war on the Soviet Union, the submarine was undergoing modernisation in St-Petersburg and it couldn’t join the navy immediately. In mid 1942 the work was complete and the submarine was tested in the Neva river and then sent to patrol the Baltic sea.
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