RESEARCHERS FROM FOUR UNIVERSITIES in Germany have conditioned a lab to register the coldest effective temperature in a research-controlled environment ever recorded-38 trillionths of a Kelvin above absolute zero. According to a 2021 study published in the journal Physical Review Letters, the temperature persisted for two seconds at the University of Bremen's Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM), and the conditions that made this possible could have longstanding ramifications for quantum mechanics.
Absolute zero is 0 Kelvin, equal to -273.15 degrees Celsius, or -459.67 degrees Fahrenheit. This is the point at which particles are essentially motionless, and it's the lowest possible temperature we could ever theoretically reach, according to the laws of thermodynamics. Some researchers seek absolute zero for use in precision instruments that can test the fundamental laws of physics, while others do so to model something called the Cold Big Bang, when all matter exploded into being and the universe began operating under observable laws of matter and energy. In this latter sense, looking at a system at absolute zero-one almost completely without kinetic energy-would be close to observing the very beginning of physics.
Bu hikaye Popular Mechanics dergisinin March - April 2022 sayısından alınmıştır.
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Bu hikaye Popular Mechanics dergisinin March - April 2022 sayısından alınmıştır.
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Henrietta Lacks - It's not surprising that Henrietta Lacks-whose
It's not surprising that Henrietta Lacks-whose "immortal" HeLa cells were pivotal in developing treatments for diseases such as polio, HIV/AIDS, and COVID19-is referred to as "the mother of modern medicine." But Lacks's legacy is complicated due to the ethical concerns surrounding the use of her special cells. Lacks, who died of cancer at age 31 in 1951, was never aware that her cells led to significant medical advancements or that they had been taken without her consent. And even now, her strange case raises questions about the morally dubious methods through which we achieved unquestionably positive breakthroughs in medicine.
Chasing an Asteroid - How NASA defied incredible odds to get its asteroid-hunting osiris-rex mission off the ground and in the process upended what we know about our solar system.
Dante Lauretta sat in the backseat of a helicopter hovering high above a remote patch of Utah desert, waiting for a small, twinkling speck in the sky to plunge toward earth.If you didn't know better, you might think what was beginning to burn through the skies above the American southwest in the early hours of September 24, 2023, was a shooting star. But it wasn't a shooting star. Or a meteor. It was a dishwasher-size capsule filled with bits of ancient asteroid-priceless matter from the dawn of the solar system. In other words, it was a treasure chest moving at 27,000 miles per hour and sizzling at a temperature half that of the sun's surface.
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