THE FALL OF VICKSBURG
Cobblestone American History Magazine for Kids|April 2023
Vicksburg's location high on the bluffs gave it a commanding view-and control-of the Mississippi River.
Craig E. Blohm
THE FALL OF VICKSBURG

Union major general Ulysses S. Grant had been given a free hand to pick his own battles in the Civil War (1861-1865). Far from the big battles taking place in the east, Grant commanded 60,000 men in the western Army of the Tennessee. He chose Vicksburg, Mississippi, as his most strategic opportunity.

Grant knew that the outcome at Vicksburg would determine the fate of the Confederacy. Vicksburg was the last important Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River. If the Union army could take it, the North would then control the country's major north-south waterway. It also would split the Confederate states of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas from the rest of the Southern states.

In March 1863, Grant began an offensive. He moved his men down the west side of the Mississippi River in Louisiana. The army would then cross the river south of Vicksburg and march north to the weaker southern side of the city. But first Grant wanted to distract the Confederates, so he ordered other troop movements to confuse them.

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