WILLIAM HARVEY’S RADICAL THEORY OF CIRCULATION
Today, it’s no secret that the heart pumps blood in a circle throughout the body. It’s called the circulatory system, after all. But several hundred years ago, this wasn’t common knowledge. Even doctors didn’t know!
William Harvey helped change that. He was one of the few physicians in the 1600s who was willing to question old ideas about the human body. His search for answers exposed a truth hidden inside every human who ever lived.by Maria Parrott-Ryan
◉ Reasonable Doubt
In the early 1600s, almost everything experts thought they knew about the human body was based on theories that were over a thousand years old. Many of these theories came from one man who lived in the Roman Empire—a physician named Galen.
Unfortunately, many of Galen’s theories were way off. This isn’t surprising when you consider that, during Galen’s time, there were no tools for looking inside a living human body, like ultrasounds or x-rays. Also during his time, it was illegal to dissect a human corpse. Galen based his theories mainly on dissections of dead animals and lots of philosophical (not scientific) thinking. When William Harvey began studying medicine nearly 1,400 years later, Galen was still considered the world’s foremost medical authority.
As a physician and anatomist, Harvey performed many dissections of the human body (which were no longer illegal). What he saw during those dissections made him doubt some of Galen’s theories.
Harvey set up a lab in his home and began conducting experiments to test his theories. In the 1600s, this was odd. Most physicians dismissed any theory that didn’t come from the ancient authorities. But Harvey knew that to discover the truth, he had to do his own thinking and experimenting.
◉ A Criminal’s Heart
この記事は Muse Science Magazine for Kids の October 2017 版に掲載されています。
7 日間の Magzter GOLD 無料トライアルを開始して、何千もの厳選されたプレミアム ストーリー、9,000 以上の雑誌や新聞にアクセスしてください。
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この記事は Muse Science Magazine for Kids の October 2017 版に掲載されています。
7 日間の Magzter GOLD 無料トライアルを開始して、何千もの厳選されたプレミアム ストーリー、9,000 以上の雑誌や新聞にアクセスしてください。
すでに購読者です? サインイン
Who's Your Cousin?
The great apes are among the most popular animals in most zoos. Their actions, facial expressions, and family life remind us so much of ourselves. Have you ever wondered, though, how we might look to them?
Is it possible to die of boredom?
To figure out if we can die of boredom, we first have to understand what boredom is. For help, we called James Danckert, a psychologist who studies boredom at the University of Waterloo in Canada.
THE PROBLEM WITH PALM OIL
Palm oil is all around you. It’s in sugary snacks like cookies and candy bars. It’s in lipstick and shampoo and pet food.
SERGE WICH
Serge Wich’s favorite days at work are spent out in the forest, studying orangutans in Sumatra and Borneo or chimpanzees in Tanzania.
ELODIE FREYMANN
When you’re feeling sick, it probably doesn’t occur to you to try eating tree bark.
Guardians of the Forest
EARLY, MAKESHIFT WILDLIFE DRONES HELPED TO DETECT AND PROTECT ORANGUTANS.
APE ANTICS
The Whirling World of primate play
Dr. Ape Will See You Now
HUMANS AREN’T THE ONLY PRIMATES THAT USE MEDICATION.
THE LEFT OVERS
A lot has happened for modern humans to get to this point. We lost most of our hair, learned how to make tools, established civilizations, sent a person to the Moon, and invented artificial intelligence. Whew! With all of these changes, our bodies have changed, too. It’s only taken us about six million years.
SO, WHAT IS A PRIMATE?
What do you have in common with the aye-aye, sifaka, siamang, and potto? If you said your collarbone, you re probably a primatologist—a person who studies primates. If you’re not, read on.
