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Navigating the challenges of prolonged stay in space, from space sickness to increased risk of cancer

- ABHINAV SINGH

COSMONAUT SERGEY KORSAKOV, 40, spent more than six months on the ISS in 2022. He says it was one of the most incredible experiences of his life, but is quick to warn of the effects of an extended stay in space on the body and mind.

"Physically, the microgravity environment leads to muscle atrophy and bone density loss (up to 1 per cent per month), as the lack of gravitational force reduces the need for the body to support itself," he told THE WEEK. "Additionally, fluid shifts can cause facial puffiness and increased intracranial pressure, sometimes leading to vision problems. The radiation exposure in space is also higher, which increases the long-term risk of cancer."

It is well-known that astronauts are required to exercise daily. Korsakov explains why that is so key. "Resistance and cardiovascular exercises are crucial to counteract the effects of microgravity," he said. "I used to engage in regular exercise routines using specialised equipment to maintain muscle mass and bone density." He also stressed the importance of nutrition. "A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D helped maintain bone health," he said.