Jobless youth and education
Business Standard|June 11, 2024
Some unemployment is natural.
GURBACHAN SINGH

The natural rate of unemployment among the youth can be higher than the overall natural rate. But the actual numbers are staggering in India. A little less than one-third of graduates are unemployed, and the unemployment rate for those with secondary or higher education is nearly one in five. Why this state of affairs, and what can be done about it? Both the supply side and the demand side in the job market are important. However, the focus here is, unless otherwise specified, on the demand for jobs.

Many young people are looking for jobs, but this is actually just notional demand for jobs, even though the job seekers are serious.

It is only the demand backed by proper skills, education, or some signal for potential contribution in the future that constitutes the effective demand for jobs. It turns out that such demand for jobs is actually not very high. The reason is straightforward. A reasonably good quality of education is meaningfully available to only a limited proportion of students. And, many employers, in various ways, offer jobs to these good candidates. The problem lies elsewhere.

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