REQUIREMENTS FOR OPERATING MATERIALS APPLIED IN HYBRID POWERTRAINS
Auto Tech Review|July 2020
The fundamental change in the automotive industry from conventionally-powered vehicles to increasing electrification and fully electric powertrains is a challenge also for the development of operating materials. In this challenging environment, APL contributes with core expertise for internal combustion engines, as well as for hybrid electric vehicles in the areas of electric motors, power electronics and batteries, to support the evolution of alternative fuels and lubricants.
DIPL-ING. CHRISTIAN, DR-ING. MARCUS GOHL, DIPL-ING. MORTEN KRONSTEDT, DR GUNTHER MULLER
REQUIREMENTS FOR OPERATING MATERIALS APPLIED IN HYBRID POWERTRAINS

DEVELOPMENT OF OPERATING MATERIALS FOR FUTURE POWERTRAINS

In order to sustainably meet global demand for mobility within the framework of legal and societal requirements on the basis of renewable energy, the focus in the development of new mobility concepts is on reducing emissions and greenhouse gases. By exploiting technological developments and the properties of future fuels, further optimisation of non-hybridised internal combustion engine (ICE) powertrains is possible. However, the rules of physics limit the efficiency of the ICE, so that future fleet target values cannot be achieved. For this reason, the conventional engine is combined with an electric machine in a hybrid powertrain. The concepts range from micro-hybridisation to plug-in hybrids with high-voltage technology. Due to the many possible combinations of ICE, gearbox, electric motor and energy storage in hybrid powertrains, there is a great deal of complexity in the configuration of these systems, 1.

The proportion of electrified drivetrains and the degree of electrification will vary greatly across the different vehicle segments and regions. Although forecasts change frequently, most recent studies show that about 85 % of all vehicles produced worldwide by 2030 will still be powered by an ICE [1]. In addition, the great added value of proven combustion engine technology can be leveraged by alternative fuels from renewable sources – such as biofuels or e-fuels – for some applications and markets. Especially for commercial vehicles, the electrification will remain limited in the long-haul heavy-duty use in the foreseeable future. In the context of the energy density of the battery, payload, infrastructure and total operating costs, the focus here is on range optimisation.

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