Wear Face Mask, Avoid Outdoor Exercises, Say Experts As Pollution Peaks

On Sunday, a thin layer of smog enveloped sections of the national capital, with the Air Quality Index (AQI) categorized as "hazardous." Numerous areas recorded AQI levels surpassing 350, prompting serious health concerns for local residents.

- ANJALI SINGH

To gain insights into the situation, we turn to experts Dr. Vikas Mittal, Pulmonologist at C K Birla Hospital, and Dr. Puneet Khanna, HOD and Consultant Pulmonology, Manipal Hospitals.

Q: What are the primary health risks associated with prolonged exposure to very poor air quality, particularly for sensitive groups such as older adults, children, and pregnant women?

Dr. Khanna: Air quality deteriorates drastically around Diwali to hazardous levels as a thick layer of smog mixed with dangerous chemicals usually engulfs the city. Breathlessness, coughing fit, chest tightness, asthma, pulmonary disease, rhinitis, and pneumonia are some of the common ill effects of high levels of PM2.5 around Diwali, particularly in vulnerable age groups like older adults, children, and pregnant women. In addition, every 100ug/m3 increase in levels leads to a 30% increase in eye irritation, and chest and heart symptoms. The concentrations of the ultra-fine PM2.5 reaches as high as 1000 ug/m3, nearly 17 times the safe limit of 60 ug/m3. The levels are usually highest in the early morning and late evenings.

Q: What specific preventive measures should older adults take to minimize the health impact of poor air quality?